Pencak Silat, the Indonesian Martial Arts of the World

Pencak Silat, the Indonesian Martial Arts of the World

Pencak Silat Indonesia is a traditional martial art that has been known since time immemorial. The ancestors have used Pencak silat movements for ritual worship activities or for self-baptism.

The martial arts movement used by the ancestors came from the movement of animals mimicked into a martial movement to relieve themselves of danger.

Increasingly, martial arts is not only used for self-defence alone, will martial arts has evolved into an art, lifestyle and health movement. Pencak Silat movement of art that is very artistic martial arts look beautiful and much preferred national and international society.

Pencak Silat also often appears as a dance, because the movement has a regular pattern and has a high art.

Pencak Silat movements that haunt the fighter's body can be martial arts as an effective activity for exercise. By combining gestures and arts, martial arts become the sport that is contested in SEA Game matches. To know more about Pencak Silat Indonesia, let us discuss more in depth all matters about Pencak silat. Here are some discussion points in this article:

History of Pencak Silat in Indonesia

Spreading of martial arts that evolved from religious activities

Pencak Silat as a state defence education

The emergence of martial arts organizations Indonesia

Term in Pencak Silat Motion Technique

Weapons of Pencak Silat

Pencak Silat Regulation

Flow and college pencak silat Indonesia

Pencak Silat organization

From some sub-discussion above, you can read according to your requirement.

History of Pencak Silat in Indonesia

Silat has been known in Southeast Asia Southeast 1948. The country in Southeast Asia which also has pencak silat such as, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Southern Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. In Indonesia itself, the word "Silat" is better known as "pencak silat".

The word "pencak" used to be widely used in Java, whereas "silat" is widely used in Sumatra, Kalimantan and Malay Peninsula. To uniform the mention of martial arts in Indonesia then combined words "pencak" and "Silat" to "pencak silat" as a designation for martial arts in Indonesia.

Our ancestors used to have a self-defence movement for protection from threatening dangers. They created the defence movement by observing animal behaviour such as the movement of tigers, apes, snakes, or eagles, which later used the movement as a silat movement to dismantle themselves.

The origins of this martial arts movement originated from tribes in Indonesia who have skills in arms games such as, spear, machetes, Kris, clever and more. The tribe of Nias for example, this tribe has a tradition of martial dance that lived until the 20th century that is almost not satisfied by the outside world.

The distribution in Indonesia is estimated to have been ongoing since the 7th century AD, but the origins of this distribution source are not yet known. The mighty powerful empires of the time such as the Majapahit and Sriwijaya kingdoms were called possessed by powerful warriors of mandra guna and possessed soldiers whose skill in secrets no doubt.

Proof that ever existed martial arts in Indonesia can be seen from artefacts that exist in Borobudur and Prambanan temple. There are many sculptural reliefs that display martial arts movements such as horses, movements, values, kick in.

In addition to body relations, Pencak Silat is also closely related to spiritual relationships close to the culture of Indonesia. The influence of martial arts from China and India also affects the value of Indonesian martial arts. Pencak silat has been known by the Malay clan in various terms. In Singapura and Malaysia, silat is better known as gayong and cloak. In the southern Philippines known as the fighter, at Thailand is known by its sophisticated name. From there, we can know the mention of martial arts widely used in Southeast Asia is the word silat.

Spreading Pencak Silat Indonesia

Pencak Silat Indonesia distribution spread orally and word of mouth, by the teacher to student, so written documentation of pencak silat in Indonesia is hard to find.

Indonesian silat is narrated through folklore and legend, told from one area to another.

Minangkabau legend, silat or in Minangkabau language "silk", created by Datuk Suri Diraja from Pariangan, Tanah Datar at the foot of Mount Merapi (11th century).

"Silek" is then distributed by Minagkauese immigrants to the entire mainland of Southeast Asia. Likewise with the flow of martial arts Cimade, where in this flow history derived from a woman full of monkey and tiger movements and then mimicked into a silat movement.

Read also: Proudly Pride, Pencak Silat Indonesia Sabet General Champion of Belgium

Each area generally has a figure of a warrior to be proud of as a stream icon of martial arts, for example, Hang Tuah commander of Malacca, Prabu Siliwangi as figure martial arts from the Sunda Pajajaran, Gajah Mada that is Mahapati Majapahit kingdom, and Pitung warriors from Betawi, besides There are many more pesilat-pesilat who became a figure some thing flow.

Spreading of martial arts that evolved from religious activities

The development of martial arts is recorded since the 14th century which was driven by kiayi and santri. Pencak Silat lessons teach together in religious classes in surau (mosque) as well as in pesantren.

Pencak silat is part of spiritual practice. Some tribes in Indonesia, use the martial arts as an integral part of traditional ceremonies, for example, which is a dance randai Silek movement of Minangkabau often on show in a variety of traditional events in Minangkabau.

In the Betawi tradition, the silat movement is also often shown to welcome the bridegroom. The tradition is called by the term "doorstop", which is a war between the laments performed before the marriage ceremony.

The traditions of the doorstop tell a group of men who were approaching the bride to a woman. In this journey, the groom's party is intercepted by the village warriors who also fall in love with the bride.

Finally, there was a fight between the swordsman and the offer of the groom. Of course, the winning battle is the jawara of the groom.

Pencak Silat as a state defence education

In the historical record, the development of martial arts which is the science of martial arts and folk dance developed into a part of the education of defending the country in the period of invaders attack.

In this quest, Teuku Umar, Imam Bonjol, Teuku Cik Di Tiro, Prince Diponegoro, Sultang Court, Panembahan Senopati, and a group of warrior women like, Cut Nyak Dien, Sabai Nan Aluih, And Cut Nyak Meutia.

The emergence of martial arts organizations Indonesia

The emergence of martial arts organizations Indonesia

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Seeing the development of pencak silat, it is felt that more and more required organization of national standard to hold the flow of pencak silat in Nusantara. So, on May 18, 1948, the Indonesian Pencak Silat Association was established which was later abbreviated as IPSI. Sekrang IPSI is a pencak silat organization in the world.

On March 11, 1980, stairs, PERSILAT (Pencak Silat Association between nations) that was founded on environmental Eddie M. Nalapraya (citizen), who at that position as chairman of the IPSI. The event was also attended by neighbouring countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei Darussalam. The four countries (including Indonesia), are designated as the founding states of Persilat.

Some national pencak silat organizations include:

IPSI (Indonesian Pencak Silat Association)

PEESAKA (Malaysia National Silat Fellowship)

EXACTLY (Singapore Silat Fellowship)

PERSIB (Brunei Darussalam Silat fellowship)

In addition to Southeast Asia, Pencak Silat institutions in America and Europe have also emerged. Pencak Silat has now officially become one of the sport in international matches, especially SEA Game.

Term in Pencak Silat Movement Technique

Term in Pencak Silat Movement Technique

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In the basic techniques of martial arts movements, we will Find 8 techniques that form the basis of martial arts movements. 8 basic techniques in martial arts are, horses, attitude and movement, step, tread, fruit, stance, broom and cutouts, lockdown. To these eight techniques we will describe one on one in the following discussion:

Sawhorse (Kuda-kuda)

The Kuda-kuda is the position of the foot to strengthen the position of the body. The position of strong horses is very important not easily dropped the opponent during a fight.

The position of the Kuda-kuda is also important to hold back or be the initial foundation of the attack (blow or kick).

Step

Movement of martial arts step

The typical step of pencak silat movements. Dah rare good and true is needed in the game pencak silat. Some pattern steps in pencak silat such as step three or steps four.

Attitude & Motion

Attitude and motion of martial arts

Pencak Silat is a system derived from attitude (position) and movement (movement). If a fighter moves during a fight, his attitude and movements change uniformly.

Dengna observation of the exposure, after finding the weakness of the opponent, then the fighter will immediately defeat the opponent with one deadly attack.

Kembangan

Kembangan pencak silat

Kembangan is a hand movement and body attitude that is done together with eyes wary of enemy movements, as well as looking for gaps of enemy attention.

Movement Kembangan usually did kentia early in the game, the goal is to anticipate the attack or outwit the enemy.

Movement Kembangan almost similar to dance in maenpo Sundanese ngibling (jig). This Kembangan movement is one of the main factors used in the assessment of martial arts which prioritizes movement.

Buah

Movement of martial arts

Silat has many techniques actually attacking and defending. The term technique in the world of martial arts is called with the name of the buah. The fighter often uses the elbows, arms, legs, hands, knees, and soles of feet in an attack.

Other frequently used techniques are, kicks, stumbling, punches, throws, locks, holds, breaks joints, and so forth.

Kick

Motion martial arts moves Kick is a range of basic body movements of the bottom and top, which is used for the foundation to work on the next martial arts (fruit), can be done In pairs or individually.

Cut or Sweep

Movement of silat sweeping

Exciting

Cutting or the like is a kind of scissors of war against the opponent, namely by kicking, clamping (cutting) or capture the opponent's foot so that the opponent will lose balance and fall.

Read also: Pencak Silat Rules Which Must Be Complained By The Fighter

Lockdown

Pencak Silat locking movement

Lockdown is a movement to paralyze a harmless opponent, unable to move, or disarming an opponent. Locked Techniques have deceitful movements, dodge movements, and rapid movements that can be targeted on the wrist, chin, neck, and shoulders of the enemy.

Weapons of Pencak Silat

Weapons of martial arts

Kujang's Weapon

Silver cleaver weapon

Pandhuanom.us

Kujang weapon is a traditional weapon that comes from the community of West Java (Sunda), weapons clever believed the public has magical powers in it.

The term "Kujang" comes from the word Kud Iha yang (Kudi and Hyang). The word "Kujang" is also derived from Ujang which has human meaning. The supernatural powers are the supernatural powers of King Siliwangi.

Keris Weapons

Pencak Silat Keris

Keris weapon is one type of taper and sharp stabbing weapon on both sides of Kris. The blade is dwarfed and has a pamor that looks like the metal fibres of the slash on the blade strand.

Side Weapon / Linso / Sarong / Belt

Separate silat martial arts weapon

Linso or silk scarves are worn on the shoulders or around the waist, they are used for locking and defence techniques against knives. Now, the use of Linso in the world gitanti martial with a belt.

Karambit Weapons / Tiger Nails

Curly martial arts weapons of tiger nails

Karambit weapon is a small curved knife like tiger nails from Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia, Filipina and Malaysia. The West calls this weapon as a karambit, while in Minang's home region, this weapon is called Kurambiak / Karambiak.

This weapon includes a pretty lethal weapon because the Karambit can be used to tear off enemy parts of the body without being detected by the opponent because it is so fast.

Clit / Clurit Arms

Clurit martial arts weapons

Crescent or culprit is a weapon originating from Madura region. This weapon is characteristic of the Madurese commonly used as a carok weapon. Sakera is a legend shop that is thick with celurit weapons.

Madura community had entered the creature ghoib (khodam) into the celurit with the aim that this celurit has supra natural power.

Weapon Sundang

silat martial arts weapons

Sundang or Keris Sundang is a weapon used by the Suluk (Tausug) for centuries of unity. Keris Sundang is a modification of the dragon motif keris whose sword is often used in the archipelago. History recorded Keris Sudang brought by the Bugis, Makasar, from Sulawesi Island to Riau and Tanah Melayu around the 17th century.

Weapon Rencong

Weapons of martial arts rencong

Rencong's weapon is a slightly curved Aceh dagger. Rencong is often used in celebration events, such as weddings, Peusijuk, Meugang, Tung Bara Baro (Downloading Mantu), and other important activities.

Weapon Semkata Gada

A martial arts weapon

Guns Gada is a great weapon used for the benefit of the opponent. The shape of the tip of the beater has thorns that can help crush the opponent's body if exposed to an attack.

At about the 17th century, Gada included the main weapons other than axes, arrows, or swords. But now this weapon is only a means of display and turning function as a farming tool.

Spears Arms

Martial arts spear guns

      

Weapons Spears or Dizzys are weapons that we can meet in almost all the tribes in the world. Spears have the purpose of making and use, so the tomb is widely used as a weapon against the enemy.

Weapons Parang / Golok

Weapons martial arts machete

Parang or Machete is an ordinary made of ordinary iron without knick-knacks or engraving like a dagger. In Kalimantan itself known as Threshold. Machete many Used as a tool of slash-plant small plants (shrubs) in the yard of the house. In the world of martial arts, machetes are used as a weapon that is widely used by the Malay tribe in the village in ancient times. The Malay Tribes of Java and Sumatera make the machete as one of the mainstays in the fight against the enemy.

Trident / Trisula weapons

Weapons of martial arts trident

Weapons Trident or serdang or trishula (Sanskrit: trishul) is a spear that has three pointy eyes that literally means 3 spears. In English, Trident is called Trident.

In ancient times, Trident was already used in gladiatorial warfare with the appearance of a fisherman carrying a net.The weapons of Trident in society are often assumed as demonic weapons by Christian mythology. This causes the Trident is often used in pagan religions.

Trident is a weapon of Lord Shiva, one of the Trimurti who is often worshipped during the heydey of Hindu-Buda in Java Island. In the Greco-Roman Religion, Trident is shaped as a weapon with supernatural powers that is the full God of Poseidon (Neptune) as the ruler of the sea, where the god Poseidon always carries Trisula.

The Mikenai community regarded the god Poseidon as the main deity, even more so than Zeus.

Weapon Chabang / Branch

Martial arts weapons branch

The Chabang or Branch-shaped weapon is in the form of three branches with the middle of the canang longer than the other branch. The main branch is a straight elongated shape with a length of about 15-20 inches. The right and left curved branches are shaped like a U-letter or like a buffalo horn.

The main branch is known as a tempi rod, while the right and left rods are called by the term sampir.

Tumbuk Lada Weapon

Martial arts pencak silat Lada

Weapons of Pepper / Lado is a traditional weapon that comes from the Riau archipelago. Badik is a term that is better known among Bugis and Sumatran communities.

Pounded Pepper classified as a short weapon with a sharp eye on one side only. Its use can be used singly or in pairs. At this time can not be separated from the completeness of customary clothing Riau people who are the identity that characterizes the Malay nation.

Toya's weapon

Weapons of silat

Toya is a stick weapon made of wood and rattan. Every stream of Indonesian martial arts uses Toya as a self-impact weapon. In the sport of martial arts, Toya became the one that must be used in a single category martial arts match.

Also read: Silat Harimau, Pencak Silat Nusantara Art and Nation Price

Weapons Cindai

Canni martial arts weapons

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Cindai is a cloth that is often used as a sarong or head wrap. The traditional women are usually often covered with their heads with a cloth that can be used as a cindai.

Cindai itself is used to strangle or bind the opponent to immobilize the opponent's movement so as not to be harmful.

Fan Weapon/Senjata Kipas

Fan / Kipas martial arts weapons

The fan is one of the martial arts, also called Tessen. This fan is often used by the Kurenai as a secret weapon. Frame fan made of iron used as a weapon that can tear the opponent's body because the opponent there is no fan which is a sharp secret weapon.

Pencak Silat regulation

Pencak Silat regulations in Indonesia have provisions that all fighters must consider in order to win the game and to prevent unexpected incidents.

Some provisions that must be considered such as, the provisions of victory, the provisions of the Law of the Fighter, and the Provisions of Assessment, and more detailed explanation.

Pencak Silat Game Rules

Silat matches are conducted by participants competing for results (defence, reversal, performing rituals, locking the opponent).

Silat match is held in 3 rounds. Each round is held for 2 minutes and each round has a pause of 1 minute.

Rules of the Match

Every attack and defence are patterned.

Serial strikes must be organized and neatly arranged.

Comply with any regulations given by the referees regarding permissible circumstances.

In martial arts, there are five judges and one referee.

Silat Victory Regulation

There are some points that become points of victory in the martial arts match, the following provisions:

Win a number, that is if the match finishes in 3 innings and the jury wins one of the fighters with more score.

Winning technique, that is if the opponent can not afford anymore.

The absolute, that is, the opponent's training is beaten down and does not wake up after the 10th count of the referee.

Win pre-qualifies:

If wanna get sky up to 3 times.

Abila opponent makes a dangerous visibility.

When the opponent performs the first level so his opponent can not match the next match.

Win because the match is not balanced.

The opponent resigns or is absent from the match.

Rule of Law to the Fighter

There are several laws that apply to the fighters as follows:

Rebuttal, given to the fighter pesilat.

Strike 1, the value of one point.

Strike 2, the value of two points.

Warning 1, fighters or confirmed from the wash 3 times in one round. This reduces the five points for value.

Warning 2, given to fighter has got bonus 1 and 2 respectively, a fighter will be reduced 10.

Disqualifications are given to the fighter

The fighter gets again after getting 2.

The fighter travels intimately with the opponent intentionally as opposed to the sporting norm.

The opponent travels first to the opponent until the opponent can no longer.

Terms of assessment

The judgment provisions in pencak silat matches can be categorized into five things, the following brief explanation:

Fighter 1 (one) fighter is able to withstand the attack launched by the opponent then followed by an attack on the opponent.

Fighter 2 (two) fighter able to perform a foot attack against the opponent.

Fighter 3 (three) fighters able to drop the opponent.

Fighter value of 4 (four) fighters able to lock the opponent.

In addition to the four assessments above, there is one more assessment that pays attention to technical neatness in the rules of the martial arts game. The value given to the fighter is the lowest 2 (two) and 5 (five).

Target that can be attacked

The offence that can be attacked in the martial arts match is the whole body except the ups and downs of the neck. The parts that can be beaten during the match pencak silat, namely:

Chest

Waist left and right waist

Stomach

Back

Limbs and hands can also be targeted by an attack by dropping and locking, will the attack on this section will not be responsive.

Flow and college pencak silat Indonesia

The flow of martial arts Indonesia

Silek Macan Minangkabau 

Silat Cimande

Silat Nampon

Merpati Putih

Tapak Suci Putra  Muhammadiyah

Bakti Negara

The National Pencak Silat Asad College (Persinas ASAD)

Silat Pangean

The Association of Basic Silat Members of Indonesia (HASDI)

The Faithful Brotherhood of Terate Heart (PSHT) Persaudaraan Setia Hati Teratai

Silat Perisa Diri

Silat Riksa Budi Kiwari

Silat Tunggal Hati Seminari

Pencak Silat Siwah

Pencak Silat Bajing Kiring

Pencak Silat Tadjimalela

Pencak SiLAT

Pencak Silat MADU BUNGA Mayang

Pencak Silat Perguruan Walet Putih

Silat Perisai putih

IPS Nur Haris

Pencak Silat organization

Pencak Silat organization

PERSILAT (Pencak Silat Between Nations)

IPSI (Indonesian Pencak Silat Association)

P2STI (Forum Lovers and Traditional Silat Conservation Indonesia)

PESAKA Malaysia (Malaysia National Silat Alliance)

PERSISI (Singapore Silat Fellowship)

EPSF (European Pencak Silat Federation)

Up to now, Members of Pencak Silat Organizations already recorded in PERSILAT database are 33 organizations worldwide, while the branches of each stream are not listed in PERSILAT.